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Introduction to XML Development — A 3-day course

* Closed In-House Course

Synopsis

The World-Wide Web Consortium's (W3C) eXtensible Markup Language (XML) enables us to create documents and databases whose contents are self-describing, i.e., the distinct items of data within such databases can be individually recognised and separately extracted from the medium in which they are typically stored and presented.

This promises a world of ever greater inter-operability, by allowing all sorts of legacy and proprietary IT systems to seamlessly interact. In reality, of course, there are some very real semantic, technical and commercial constraints on realising that promise in a working implementation.

This XML training course is designed to teach the technical aspects of implementing core XML standards and technologies, without neglecting the semantic and commercial constraints.

Suitable For

Prerequisites

Delivery

This XML course can be run as both in-house XML training for company groups and as a scheduled 3-day public course for individuals. Like the rest of our XML courses it is instructor led, with particular emphasis on the acquisition of technical/craft skills through practical exercises and through focused group discussion. Students use XML editor Altova XMLSpy to help them complete the exercises.

Publicly scheduled dates, locations, and prices

A schedule of dates for this subject is not currently available. Please call 0800 651 0338 or use our contact form to enquire about places and availability.

Contents

Introduction to XML development

  • Objectives
  • What is XML?
  • Quick example
  • Key benefits of XML
  • What is a markup language?
  • SGML: some history
  • Relationship of SGML to XML
  • Evolution of XML
  • Why is XML important?
  • Uses for XML
  • Quick example — revisited
  • Modelling data
  • Elements
  • Attributes
  • Nesting elements
  • Structure of a document
  • The <?xml…?> declaration
  • What are web services?
  • Benefits of web services
  • Current status

XHTML

  • What is it?
  • Motivation behind XHTML
  • Example document
  • XHTML standards
  • Differences between HTML and XHTML
  • Writing XHTML for older browsers
  • Including scripts and stylesheets
  • Advantages of XHTML

Well-formed XML documents

  • Objectives
  • Valid versus well-formed XML
  • Well-formed XML documents
  • Valid XML documents
  • Recap basic terms
  • Element naming rules
  • Attributes
  • Comments
  • XML declaration
  • Processing instructions
  • Non-permissible characters
  • Errors and fatal errors

XML namespaces

  • Objectives
  • Need for namespaces
  • Problem: same names different concepts
  • Solution: group names in namespaces
  • Problem: ensuring unique namespaces
  • Using basic XML namespaces
  • Example: basic XML namespaces
  • Default namespaces
  • Example: default namespaces
  • Default namespaces: inheritance and cancellation
  • Example: namespace inheritance
  • Different namespace notation
  • Attributes and namespaces
  • Extending XML
  • Namespaces and DTDs
  • The use of URLs in namespaces

An introduction to XML schemas

  • Objectives
  • The principle of schemas
  • The place of DTDs
  • Writing a schema
  • Example: simple memo format
  • Example: schema for <memo> documents
  • Sequences of elements
  • <sequence>
  • Complex and simple types
  • Defining attributes
  • Simple types
  • <attribute use=> values
  • Tying documents to schemas
  • Instance documents which use namespaces
  • Schema processing tools
  • Authoring tools
  • XML parsers with schema support
  • Other tools supporting schemas
  • Web resources

Valid XML with Document Type Definitions (DTDs)

  • Objectives
  • Goals of DTDs
  • Schemas and DTDs: differences
  • Validation
  • Example: the memo format
  • Example: DTD for memos
  • The document type declaration
  • The PUBLIC source specifier
  • The SYSTEM source specifier
  • Declaring entities
  • Entities jargon
  • Declaring elements
  • Declaring empty elements
  • The ANY content model
  • #PCDATA content
  • Elements which contain elements
  • Optional elements
  • Repeated elements
  • Repeated elements (continued)
  • Mixed content
  • Declaring attributes
  • Attribute types
  • Adding per-document entities
  • Limitations of DTDs

Principles of styling XML

  • Objectives
  • What is styling?
  • Styling XML
  • CSS
  • Using CSS with XML
  • XSL
  • Putting XSL together
  • XSLT
  • XSL-FO
  • Associating style sheets with XML documents
  • The <?xml-stylesheet?> processing instruction
  • Convergence between CSS and XSL-FO

Using cascading stylesheets with XML

  • Objectives
  • CSS introduction
  • CSS in HTML
  • CSS in XML
  • Using CSS with XML

A brief introduction to XSLT

  • Why transforming XML is useful
  • Business to business transactions
  • XSLT for transforming XML
  • Disadvantages of XSLT
  • Available software
  • Using XT
  • Different kinds of XSLT processors
  • XSLT and XSL-FO for presentation
  • Example: simplified syntax
  • Input and output of stylesheet
  • Example: name of root element
  • Non-simplified syntax
  • How stylesheet processing works
  • Empty stylesheets
  • Input and output of empty stylesheet
  • Getting values from the input
  • Example: getting a value from the input
  • select="…" expressions
  • What is XPath?
  • Accessing the values of attributes

Further XSLT

  • Example: inserting static text
  • Copying elements unchanged
  • Example: renaming an element
  • Example: removing an element
  • Conditionally including output
  • Example: conditional templates
  • Example: counting elements
  • Inserting text into the output
  • Example: explicitly inserting text
  • Example: listing elements
  • Current node in a template
  • Example: simple arithmetic
  • Example: listing URLs from links
  • Example: looping
  • Example: sorting

XSLT details

  • Root node
  • XPath expression syntax
  • Template matching with XPath
  • Applying templates
  • Building location paths with XPath
  • Predicates
  • Using XPath in XML
  • XPath numeric functions
  • XPath's string functions
  • Axes: heading in other directions
  • Changing case with translate
  • XPath summary
  • Choosing among alternatives
  • Example of <xsl:choose>
  • Whitespace stripping
  • Calling templates by name
  • Passing parameters to templates
  • Example: changing newlines to <br/>
  • Structuring stylesheets

XSL-FO

  • Objectives
  • What is XSL-FO?
  • XSL-FO basics
  • Processing XSL-FO
  • Internationalisation
  • Simple page layout
  • Real page layout
  • XSL-FO page layout jargon
  • More jargon: regions
  • Creating pages
  • A simple example
  • A simple example (continued)
  • Static content
  • XSL-FO and XSLT
  • XSL-FO and XSLT (continued)
  • XSLT example
  • Other features
  • Tables
  • Inheritance
  • The future

Processing XML

  • Objectives
  • Reasons for processing
  • How to process XML
  • Choosing a processing method
  • General XML processing with XSLT
  • XML parser types
  • Event-based parsing
  • Tree-based parsing

Processing XML events with SAX

  • Objectives
  • SAX — the simple API for XML
  • Event-based programming with SAX
  • Typical steps in using SAX
  • Capturing element events
  • Example of a ContentHandler
  • Start and end of documents
  • Capturing character data
  • Example: totalling prices in an invoice
  • Example: continued
  • Positions of elements
  • Extensions to SAX

Processing XML objects with DOM

  • What is the DOM?
  • DOM level 1 object model
  • The XML DOM
  • DOM's relationship to applications
  • DOM interfaces
  • Document representation by DOM
  • The DOM core
  • The DOM core interfaces
  • Interfaces provided by the DOM core
  • DOM core interfaces (contd.)
  • Using the DOM in Java
  • Example: print href values of <a>s
  • Catching validation errors
  • Error handlers in an anonymous inner class
  • The future of DOM